PVPHRASALLAB
📚

공부·정보

알아내고, 정리하고, 복습하는 학습 동사구 · 157

act out

OUT

행동으로 옮기다; (감정을) 표출하다; 역할극으로 보여주다

to perform or express through behavior

Kids often act out their stress in class.

LV.3 원어민

ask around

AROUND

여러 사람에게 물어보다

to ask several people for information

I'll ask around and see who's hiring.

LV.2 활용

break down

DOWN

고장 나다; 무너져 내리다 (감정); 분해하다

to stop working; to lose emotional control; to analyze

My car broke down on the way here.

LV.1 필수

brush up (on)

UP (ON)

(잠든 실력을) 다지다, 리프레시하다

to review and improve a skill

I need to brush up on my English before the trip.

LV.2 활용

call on

ON

(수업에서) 지명하다; (방문하다) 찾아가다

to pick someone to answer; to visit

The teacher called on me and I froze.

LV.2 활용

catch up (with)

UP (WITH)

따라잡다; 근황을 나누다

to reach the same level; to exchange news

I stayed late to catch up on work.

LV.1 필수

catch on

ON

이해하다; 유행하다

to understand; to become popular

He's slow to catch on to jokes.

LV.2 활용

check out

OUT

확인하다; (도서관에서) 대출하다; 체크아웃하다

to look at; to borrow; to leave a hotel

Check out this video — it's hilarious.

LV.1 필수

come up with

UP WITH

(아이디어를) 떠올리다, 내놓다

to think of an idea or plan

We need to come up with a better plan.

LV.1 필수

come across

ACROSS

우연히 발견하다; (인상이) ~하게 느껴지다

to find by chance; to seem a certain way

I came across an old photo album.

LV.2 활용

come along

ALONG

진전되다; 동행하다

to make progress; to accompany

How's the project coming along?

LV.2 활용

cross out

OUT

~을 지우다, 줄 긋다

to draw a line through text

Cross out the wrong answers.

LV.2 활용

cut out

OUT

오려내다; (나쁜 습관을) 끊다; (엔진이) 시동이 꺼지다

to remove by cutting; to quit; to stop suddenly

Cut out junk food for a month.

LV.2 활용

do over

OVER

다시 하다; (장소를) 엉망으로 만들다

to do again; to mess up a place

The teacher made me do the essay over.

LV.2 활용

draw on

ON

~에 의존하다, 활용하다

to use experience or knowledge

She drew on her years of teaching.

LV.3 원어민

drop out (of)

OUT (OF)

(학교를) 자퇴하다, 그만두다

to quit school or a program

He dropped out of college at 19.

LV.2 활용

end with

WITH

~으로 마무리하다

to finish with something

The class ends with a quiz.

LV.1 필수

fall behind

BEHIND

뒤처지다; 밀리다

to fail to keep pace

I fell behind on my assignments.

LV.2 활용

figure out

OUT

(답·방법을) 알아내다, 풀어내다

to understand or solve something

I can't figure out how this app works.

LV.1 필수

fill in

IN

(빈칸을) 채우다; (자리를) 대신하다; 상황을 알려주다

to complete; to substitute; to inform

Fill in your name and address.

LV.2 활용

fill out

OUT

(서식을) 작성하다; (몸이) 통통해지다

to complete a form; to grow plumper

Please fill out this form first.

LV.2 활용

find out

OUT

(사실을) 알아내다

to discover information

How did you find out the truth?

LV.1 필수

follow up

UP

후속 조치를 취하다

to take further action after something

I'll follow up with an email.

LV.2 활용

get in

IN

차에 타다; 도착하다; 들어가다 (학교)

to enter a car; to arrive; to be accepted

Get in the car, we're late.

LV.1 필수

get through

THROUGH

~을 견뎌내다; 연락이 닿다; (책·시험을) 끝내다

to survive; to reach by phone; to complete

We'll get through this together.

LV.2 활용

get by

BY

겨우 살아가다; 둘러대다

to manage with difficulty; to manage adequately

They get by on one salary.

LV.2 활용

get around

AROUND

돌아다니다; (문제를) 피해 가다; 퍼지다

to travel; to avoid; to spread

Word gets around fast in this town.

LV.2 활용

get into

INTO

~에 빠지다; (학교에) 붙다; 괴롭히다

to become interested; to be admitted; to start a fight

I'm really getting into K-dramas.

LV.1 필수

get used to

USED TO

~에 익숙해지다

to become familiar with something

I'm getting used to the early mornings.

LV.1 필수

get down to

DOWN TO

(본격적으로) 착수하다

to start doing something seriously

Let's get down to business.

LV.2 활용

get the hang of

THE HANG OF

~의 요령을 익히다

to learn how to do something

I'm getting the hang of driving.

LV.2 활용

go over

OVER

~을 훑어보다, 복습하다

to review or examine

Let's go over the plan one more time.

LV.2 활용

go through

THROUGH

~을 겪다; 꼼꼼히 살피다; (돈을) 탕진하다

to experience; to examine; to spend quickly

She's going through a rough time.

LV.2 활용

hand in

IN

(과제·물건을) 제출하다

to submit something

Hand in your essay by Friday.

LV.1 필수

hand out

OUT

나눠주다, 배포하다

to distribute to a group

The teacher handed out worksheets.

LV.1 필수

keep up

UP

유지하다; 따라잡다

to maintain; to stay level

Keep up the good work!

LV.1 필수

look for

FOR

~을 찾다

to search for something

What are you looking for?

LV.1 필수

look up

UP

(사전·검색으로) 찾아보다; (사람을) 찾아가다

to search for information; to visit

Look it up on your phone.

LV.1 필수

look over

OVER

훑어보다, 검토하다

to examine quickly

Look over the contract before signing.

LV.2 활용

look through

THROUGH

~을 (빠르게) 넘겨보다; ~을 훑어보다

to skim; to stare coldly

I looked through the magazine quickly.

LV.2 활용

make up

UP

지어내다; 화해하다; (시험을) 보충하다; (화장을) 하다

to invent; to reconcile; to compensate

He made up an excuse about traffic.

LV.1 필수

make out

OUT

알아듣다, 판독하다; (사람을) 꾸미다; 진행되다

to decipher; to manage; to progress

I can't make out his handwriting.

LV.3 원어민

mess up

UP

망치다; (장소를) 어지르다

to ruin; to make a mess

I messed up the presentation.

LV.1 필수

mix up

UP

혼동하다; (물건을) 뒤섞다

to confuse one thing with another

I mixed up the two words again.

LV.1 필수

pick up

UP

(차로) 데리다; 습득하다; (물건을) 집다; (사람을) 태우다

to collect; to learn casually; to lift

I'll pick you up at seven.

LV.1 필수

pick out

OUT

고르다, 골라내다

to choose from a group

Pick out a gift for Mom.

LV.2 활용

point out

OUT

지적하다, 알려주다

to mention or show a fact

She pointed out my typos.

LV.1 필수

put together

TOGETHER

조립하다; 종합하다

to assemble; to compile

I put together the bookshelf myself.

LV.1 필수

put in

IN

제출하다; (노력·시간을) 투자하다

to submit; to invest effort

I put in a request for vacation.

LV.2 활용

run through

THROUGH

~을 빠르게 훑다; 반복 연습하다

to review quickly; to rehearse

Let's run through the song once more.

LV.2 활용

slip up

UP

실수하다

to make a careless mistake

We can't slip up on this deadline.

LV.3 원어민

stand for

FOR

~을 의미하다; ~을 견디다; ~을 지지하다

to represent; to tolerate; to support

What does 'LOL' stand for?

LV.2 활용

stick to

TO

~을 (계획·약속을) 지키다

to keep to a rule or plan

Stick to the schedule.

LV.1 필수

take up

UP

(취미·공부를) 시작하다; (공간·시간을) 차지하다

to start a hobby; to occupy

I took up bouldering last year.

LV.2 활용

take in

IN

(정보를) 흡수하다; (옷을) 줄이다; (동물·사람을) 들이다

to absorb; to alter smaller; to shelter

That's a lot to take in at once.

LV.3 원어민

take down

DOWN

내리다; 기록하다; (사이트·간판을) 철거하다

to remove; to write down

Take down the old posters.

LV.2 활용

take part in

PART IN

~에 참여하다

to participate in

Over 500 students took part in the survey.

LV.1 필수

tell apart

APART

구별하다

to distinguish between similar things

I can't tell the twins apart.

LV.3 원어민

try out

OUT

(오디션·테스트로) 시험해 보다

to test ability or usefulness

I'm trying out for the basketball team.

LV.2 활용

turn in

IN

제출하다; (경찰에) 넘기다; 잠자리에 들다

to submit; to hand over; to go to bed

Turn in your essays by noon.

LV.3 원어민

walk through

THROUGH

(절차를) 짚어 보다; 차근차근 설명하다

to explain step by step

Let me walk you through the process.

LV.2 활용

write down

DOWN

적어두다

to record on paper

Write down my new number.

LV.1 필수

write up

UP

(보고서로) 정리해 쓰다; 야단법석 떨다

to write a report on; to criticize officially

I'll write up the findings tonight.

LV.3 원어민

zone out

OUT

멍해지다, 딴생각에 빠지다

to stop paying attention

Sorry, I zoned out during the meeting.

LV.2 활용

zone in on

IN ON

~에 집중하다

to focus closely on

Zone in on the key passage.

LV.3 원어민

zone in

IN

집중 모드에 들어가다

to focus intensely

I zoned in and finished the report.

LV.3 원어민

coast along

ALONG

노력 없이 흘러가듯 지내다

to proceed without effort

He's been coasting along since the promotion.

LV.3 원어민

bear out

OUT

(사실·결과가) 뒷받침하다

to confirm with evidence

The data bears out the theory.

LV.3 원어민

start over

OVER

처음부터 다시 하다

to begin again from the start

Let's start over from line one.

LV.1 필수

track down

DOWN

겨우 찾아내다

to find after searching

I finally tracked down the original paper.

LV.2 활용

tune out

OUT

듣지 않기로 하다, 차단하다

to stop paying attention

I tune out motivational speeches.

LV.3 원어민

power through

THROUGH

(피로를) 밀어붙여 완주하다

to push forward with force

I powered through the last chapter.

LV.3 원어민

keep at

AT

~을 끈질기게 계속하다

to persist with something

Keep at it — you're improving.

LV.3 원어민

narrow down

DOWN

후보를 좁히다

to reduce the number of options

Narrow down your topic to one page.

LV.2 활용

scrape through

THROUGH

아슬아슬하게 통과하다

to barely succeed

He scraped through the exam.

LV.3 원어민

sit in on

IN ON

(회의·수업에) 참관하다

to attend as an observer

Can I sit in on the lecture?

LV.3 원어민

touch on

ON

~을 (가볍게) 언급하다

to mention briefly

The talk touches on AI ethics.

LV.3 원어민

bear in mind

IN MIND

명심하다

to remember and consider

Bear in mind that deadlines shift.

LV.2 활용

get into the swing of

INTO THE SWING OF

~의 리듬에 적응하다

to become used to an activity's rhythm

I'm finally getting into the swing of mornings.

LV.3 원어민

go in for

IN FOR

~을 (취미로) 하다; ~에 지원하다

to take part in; to choose as a hobby

She goes in for weightlifting.

LV.3 원어민

account for

FOR

설명하다; (비중이) ~를 차지하다

to explain; to constitute

How do you account for the missing files?

LV.2 활용

catch up on

UP ON

밀린 ~을 해치우다

to do delayed tasks

I need to catch up on sleep this weekend.

LV.1 필수

check over

OVER

꼼꼼히 검사하다

to examine carefully

Check over your answers before submitting.

LV.2 활용

dash off

OFF

휙 써내다

to write quickly and carelessly

I dashed off a quick reply.

LV.3 원어민

date back to

BACK TO

~까지 거슬러 올라가다

to have existed since a time

This temple dates back to 1392.

LV.3 원어민

dig up

UP

파헤쳐서 찾아내다

to uncover information or things

Reporters dug up his old tweets.

LV.2 활용

flip through

THROUGH

휙휙 넘겨 보다

to turn pages quickly

I flipped through the magazine at the café.

LV.2 활용

get down

DOWN

(기분을) 가라앉히다; 적다; 내려오다

to depress; to write down; to descend

This rain gets me down.

LV.2 활용

go into

INTO

(세부를) 다루다; (분야에) 들어가다

to discuss in detail; to enter a field

Let's not go into every detail.

LV.2 활용

hunt down

DOWN

끝까지 쫓아 찾아내다

to search until you find

I hunted down the out-of-print book.

LV.3 원어민

jot down

DOWN

적어두다 (휘갈겨 메모)

to write down quickly

Jot down the wifi password.

LV.2 활용

keep up with

UP WITH

뒤처지지 않고 따라가다

to stay level with someone or something

It's hard to keep up with the news.

LV.1 필수

leave out

OUT

빼먹다; (사람을) 소외시키다

to omit; to exclude someone

You left out an important step.

LV.2 활용

mark down

DOWN

(가격을) 내리다; 적어두다

to reduce a price; to write down

The store marked down winter coats.

LV.2 활용

piece together

TOGETHER

조각조각 모아 완성하다

to assemble from fragments

Detectives pieced together the timeline.

LV.3 원어민

plug away (at)

AWAY (AT)

꾸준히 밀고 나가다

to work persistently

Keep plugging away at the deck.

LV.3 원어민

polish up

UP

(기술을) 연마하다; 반질반질 닦다

to improve; to make shiny

Polish up your interview answers.

LV.3 원어민

pore over

OVER

몰입해서 훑어보다

to study something closely

She pored over the contract all night.

LV.3 원어민

print out

OUT

인쇄하다

to produce a paper copy

Print out the contract for the meeting.

LV.1 필수

puzzle out

OUT

고민 끝에 풀어내다

to solve by thinking hard

We puzzled out the meaning together.

LV.3 원어민

rattle off

OFF

외운 걸 빠르게 쏟아내다

to recite quickly and easily

He rattled off all the capitals.

LV.3 원어민

read up on

UP ON

~을 집중적으로 읽어 공부하다

to research by reading

Read up on the company before the interview.

LV.3 원어민

dig into

INTO

몰입해 파고들다; (음식을) 시작하다

to investigate deeply; to start eating

Let's dig into the data first.

LV.2 활용

goof off

OFF

빈둥빈둥 건성으로 때우다

to avoid work and play around

Quit goofing off and finish the report.

LV.3 원어민

pair up

UP

짝을 지어주다/이루다

to form pairs

Pair up for the speaking drill.

LV.2 활용

rack up

UP

(점수·비용을) 쌓아 올리다

to accumulate a score or debt

They racked up three wins in a row.

LV.3 원어민

round up

UP

몰아 모으다; 올림하다

to gather; to round upward

Round up everyone for the photo.

LV.3 원어민

screw up

UP

완전히 망치다

to ruin something badly

I screwed up the interview big time.

LV.1 필수

sketch out

OUT

개요를 대충 짜다

to outline roughly

Sketch out the plot before writing.

LV.3 원어민

stumble across

ACROSS

우연히 발견하다

to find by chance

I stumbled across a great podcast.

LV.3 원어민

sum up

UP

요약하다; 총평하다

to summarize

To sum up, we need more data.

LV.2 활용

tick off

OFF

체크하다; (영) 화나게 하다

to mark a list; to annoy

Tick off each item as you pack.

LV.3 원어민

trawl through

THROUGH

자료를 샅샅이 뒤지다

to search through a lot of material

I trawled through 200 applications.

LV.3 원어민

try for

FOR

(상·자리를) 노리다

to attempt to win or get

Try for the scholarship — you never know.

LV.2 활용

type up

UP

타이핑해 정리하다

to write up in finished form

Type up the minutes tonight.

LV.2 활용

wade through

THROUGH

(방대한 자료를) 힘겹게 다 읽다

to get through with effort

I waded through the 400-page manual.

LV.3 원어민

work at

AT

~을 위해 계속 노력하다

to make steady effort at something

Relationships take work — keep working at it.

LV.2 활용

work on

ON

(개선을 위해) 작업하다

to spend time improving something

I'm working on my listening skills.

LV.1 필수

write out

OUT

(전체를) 통째로 적어내다

to write in full

Write out the formula by hand.

LV.2 활용

zero in on

IN ON

표적을 정확히 겨누다

to focus precisely on a target

Zero in on the real bottleneck.

LV.3 원어민

zoom in on

IN ON

확대해 자세히 보다

to magnify for a closer look

Zoom in on the error message.

LV.2 활용

bone up on

UP ON

집중적으로 벼락치기하다

to study quickly and intensively

I'm boning up on Spanish before the trip.

LV.3 원어민

check into

INTO

조사하다; (호텔에) 체크인하다

to investigate; to register at a hotel

Check into the refund policy first.

LV.2 활용

drum into

INTO

(두뇌에) 못 박듯 주입하다

to teach by constant repetition

Dad drummed punctuality into us.

LV.3 원어민

get behind

BEHIND

밀리다; (사람·계획을) 지지하다

to fall behind schedule; to support

I got behind on emails during the holiday.

LV.2 활용

hammer away at

AWAY AT

집요하게 두들기다 (문제·작업)

to keep working at something persistently

She hammered away at the bug all night.

LV.3 원어민

major in

IN

~을 전공하다

to study as a main subject

She majored in statistics.

LV.1 필수

mark up

UP

(가격을) 올리다; (문서에) 수정 표시하다

to raise a price; to add notes

Stores mark up flowers before holidays.

LV.3 원어민

point to

TO

~을 가리키다; ~을 시사하다

to indicate; to suggest as evidence

All signs point to a delay.

LV.2 활용

puzzle over

OVER

수수께끼처럼 고민하다

to think hard about something confusing

I puzzled over the riddle all night.

LV.3 원어민

rough out

OUT

러프하게 초안 짜다

to make a rough plan or sketch

Rough out the design before coding.

LV.3 원어민

scrape by

BY

겨우견디며 살다

to manage with barely enough

They scraped by on one income.

LV.3 원어민

sign up

UP

가입하다, 등록하다

to register for something

Sign up for the gym before rates rise.

LV.1 필수

stem from

FROM

~에서 비롯되다

to develop from a cause

His shyness stems from childhood.

LV.3 원어민

trip up

UP

실수하게 만들다; 발이 걸리다

to cause a mistake; to stumble

The tricky question tripped me up.

LV.3 원어민

crank out

OUT

기계처럼 계속 찍어내다

to produce a lot quickly

The factory cranks out 500 cars a day.

LV.3 원어민

cross off

OFF

목록에서 지우다/체크하다

to remove from a list

Cross off each task as you finish.

LV.2 활용

delve into

INTO

깊이 파고들다

to research deeply

Let's delve into the user data.

LV.3 원어민

dig out

OUT

(파내서) 찾아내다/구출하다

to find by searching; to rescue from snow

I dug out my old diaries from the attic.

LV.2 활용

dive into

INTO

(일·자료에) 과감히 뛰어들다

to start eagerly and deeply

Dive into the docs before coding.

LV.2 활용

drill down (into)

DOWN (INTO)

(데이터를) 층층이 들여다보다

to examine data in more detail

Drill down into the churn numbers.

LV.3 원어민

filter out

OUT

걸러내다, 제거하다

to remove unwanted things

Filter out the spam automatically.

LV.2 활용

hole up

UP

숨어 지내다, 틀어박히다

to hide or shut oneself away

I'm holing up with this book all weekend.

LV.3 원어민

hunker down

DOWN

웅크려 앉아 본격적으로 버티다

to settle in and work or wait seriously

Hunker down and finish the report.

LV.3 원어민

jump out

OUT

(자료에서) 확 튀어나와 보이다

to be immediately noticeable

Two typos jumped out at me.

LV.2 활용

knuckle down

DOWN

본격적으로 마음잡아 일하다

to start working seriously

Time to knuckle down before finals.

LV.3 원어민

leave off

OFF

하던 데서 그만두다; 목록에서 빼다

to stop at a point; to omit from a list

Let's pick up where we left off.

LV.3 원어민

match up

UP

들어맞다, 일치하다

to be the same as something else

The receipts don't match up.

LV.2 활용

read out

OUT

크게 읽어주다

to read aloud for others

Read out the winners' names.

LV.2 활용

report back

BACK

결과를 보고하다

to return and give information

Report back to me by tomorrow.

LV.2 활용

result in

IN

~을 초래하다

to cause a particular result

The delay resulted in a lost client.

LV.2 활용

rub out

OUT

(연필 자국을) 지우다

to erase

Rub out the pencil marks.

LV.2 활용

rummage through

THROUGH

뒤져서 찾다

to search untidily

She rummaged through her bag for keys.

LV.3 원어민

sail through

THROUGH

(시험·난관을) 거뜬히 통과하다

to pass easily

She sailed through the interview.

LV.3 원어민

send in

IN

(응모·제출물을) 보내다

to submit something

Send in your application by Friday.

LV.1 필수

shed light on

LIGHT ON

~을 (빛처럼) 밝히다

to make something clearer

The report sheds light on the delay.

LV.3 원어민

sift through

THROUGH

(자료를) 체로 걸러 조사하다

to examine carefully to find what matters

Sift through the feedback for patterns.

LV.3 원어민