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생각·문제해결

고민하고, 타협하고, 돌파하는 사고 동사구 · 342

act on

ON

~을 근거로 행동하다

to take action based on something

We acted on the manager's advice.

LV.2 활용

add up

UP

합계가 맞다; (수수께끼가) 풀리다

to make sense; to total correctly

The numbers don't add up. Check the receipt again.

LV.2 활용

add up to

UP TO

합쳐서 ~이 되다; 결국 ~한 결과다

to total; to amount to

The bill adds up to $40.

LV.2 활용

back down

DOWN

입장을 굽히다, 물러서다

to withdraw a claim in an argument

He wouldn't back down in the argument.

LV.2 활용

break through

THROUGH

돌파하다, 한계를 넘다

to force a way through a barrier

Scientists finally broke through the problem.

LV.3 원어민

bring up

UP

(화제를) 꺼내다; (아이를) 키우다

to mention a topic; to raise a child

Don't bring that up at dinner.

LV.1 필수

bring about

ABOUT

~을 초래하다, 일으키다

to cause something to happen

The war brought about huge changes.

LV.3 원어민

bring down

DOWN

떨어뜨리다; (정권을) 무너뜨리다

to reduce; to cause to fall

We need to bring down costs.

LV.2 활용

buy into

INTO

~을 (무비판적으로) 믿어버리다

to believe an idea completely

Don't buy into every ad you see.

LV.3 원어민

call for

FOR

~을 요구하다; (상황이) ~을 필요로 하다

to require or demand

This situation calls for quick action.

LV.2 활용

carry out

OUT

(계획·명령을) 수행하다

to complete a task or plan

The team carried out the plan perfectly.

LV.2 활용

catch on

ON

이해하다; 유행하다

to understand; to become popular

He's slow to catch on to jokes.

LV.2 활용

catch on to

ON TO

~의 속임수를 간파하다

to realize a trick

She caught on to his scheme quickly.

LV.3 원어민

clear up

UP

해결되다; (날씨가) 개다; 오해를 풀다

to become clear or resolved

The sky will clear up this afternoon.

LV.2 활용

come up with

UP WITH

(아이디어를) 떠올리다, 내놓다

to think of an idea or plan

We need to come up with a better plan.

LV.1 필수

come back

BACK

돌아오다; 유행이 돌아오다; (말을) 되받아치다

to return; to reply sharply

When did you come back from Japan?

LV.1 필수

come out

OUT

나오다, 출시되다; (사실이) 밝혀지다

to be released; to become known

Her new album comes out Friday.

LV.1 필수

come around

AROUND

마음을 바꿔 동의하다; 정기적으로 오다

to change one's mind; to visit regularly

Give him time. He'll come around.

LV.2 활용

crack down (on)

DOWN (ON)

강력 단속하다

to enforce rules more strictly

The city is cracking down on illegal parking.

LV.3 원어민

deal with

WITH

처리하다, 대처하다

to handle a problem or person

I'll deal with the emails later.

LV.1 필수

die out

OUT

점점 사라지다 (종족·풍습)

to disappear gradually

This dialect is dying out.

LV.3 원어민

do away with

AWAY WITH

없애다, 폐지하다

to get rid of something

The school did away with exams.

LV.3 원어민

draw on

ON

~에 의존하다, 활용하다

to use experience or knowledge

She drew on her years of teaching.

LV.3 원어민

dream up

UP

(기발한 것을) 고안해 내다

to invent something unusual

He dreamed up a wild marketing plan.

LV.3 원어민

dream of

OF

~을 꿈꾸다; (부정문에서) 상상도 못하다

to imagine or desire

She dreams of opening a café.

LV.2 활용

end up

UP

결국 ~이 되다/하다

to finally be in a state or place

We ended up ordering pizza again.

LV.1 필수

end in

IN

~으로 끝나다

to finish with a result

The talk ended in tears.

LV.2 활용

fall through

THROUGH

(계획이) 결국 무산되다

to fail to happen

The deal fell through at the end.

LV.2 활용

fall for

FOR

완전히 반하다; (속임수에) 속아 넘어가다

to fall in love; to be deceived

He fell for her the first week.

LV.2 활용

fall back on

BACK ON

최후의 수단으로 쓰다

to use as a reserve option

I can fall back on my savings.

LV.3 원어민

figure out

OUT

(답·방법을) 알아내다, 풀어내다

to understand or solve something

I can't figure out how this app works.

LV.1 필수

find out

OUT

(사실을) 알아내다

to discover information

How did you find out the truth?

LV.1 필수

follow through (on)

THROUGH (ON)

끝까지 해내다

to finish what you started

He never follows through on promises.

LV.3 원어민

get out

OUT

나가다; 빠져나오다; (비밀이) 새어나가다

to leave; to escape; to leak

Get out of the building now!

LV.1 필수

get around

AROUND

돌아다니다; (문제를) 피해 가다; 퍼지다

to travel; to avoid; to spread

Word gets around fast in this town.

LV.2 활용

get ahead

AHEAD

성공하다, 앞서 나가다

to make progress in career or life

Networking helps you get ahead.

LV.2 활용

get away with

AWAY WITH

~을 하고도 들키지 않다

to escape punishment for something

He got away with cheating once.

LV.2 활용

get at

AT

~을 암시하다; (물건에) 손을 뻗다

to imply; to reach

What are you getting at?

LV.3 원어민

get the hang of

THE HANG OF

~의 요령을 익히다

to learn how to do something

I'm getting the hang of driving.

LV.2 활용

give away

AWAY

(공짜로) 주다; (비밀을) 새다

to give free; to reveal a secret

She gave away her old clothes.

LV.2 활용

give it a shot

IT A SHOT

일단 한번 해 보다

to try something once

I'd never skied, but I gave it a shot.

LV.1 필수

give it a go

IT A GO

한번 해 보다 (영국식)

to try something once (BrE)

Never surfed, but I'll give it a go.

LV.1 필수

go on

ON

계속하다; 일어나다 (사건); (시간이) 흐르다

to continue; to happen

Go on. I'm listening.

LV.1 필수

go with

WITH

~과 어울리다; ~을 선택하다

to match; to choose

Does this shirt go with the pants?

LV.1 필수

go for

FOR

~을 노리다; ~라고 주장하다; 해 보다

to try for; to attack; to attempt

Go for it! Apply for the job.

LV.2 활용

go about

ABOUT

(일을) 처리하다, 착수하다

to approach a task

How do you go about getting a visa?

LV.3 원어민

go down

DOWN

내려가다; (가격이) 떨어지다; (역사에) 기록되다

to decrease; to be remembered

Temperatures went down overnight.

LV.1 필수

go against

AGAINST

~에 반하다, 거스르다

to oppose or contradict

That goes against company policy.

LV.2 활용

hand down

DOWN

(물건·전통을) 물려주다

to pass on to a younger person

This watch was handed down to me.

LV.3 원어민

jump in

IN

홱 끼어들다; 뛰어들다

to interrupt; to start eagerly

Sorry to jump in, but here's my take.

LV.2 활용

jump at

AT

(기회를) 놓치지 않고 잡다

to accept eagerly

She jumped at the chance to study abroad.

LV.3 원어민

jump on

ON

~을 (기회·실수에) 신속히 달려들다

to criticize or seize quickly

The press jumped on his mistake.

LV.3 원어민

keep back

BACK

숨기다; 물러서 있다; 내지 않다

to withhold; to stay behind

She kept some information back.

LV.3 원어민

lay out

OUT

배치하다; (계획을) 상세히 설명하다

to arrange; to explain in detail

She laid out the options clearly.

LV.3 원어민

lay down

DOWN

놓다; (규칙을) 정하다

to put down; to establish rules

The school laid down strict rules.

LV.3 원어민

lead up to

UP TO

~으로 이어지다; ~을 향해 다가가다

to approach gradually an event

The weeks leading up to the exam were tense.

LV.3 원어민

lead to

TO

~로 이어지다, 초래하다

to result in

One email led to a whole career.

LV.1 필수

let out

OUT

내보내다; (소식을) 퍼뜨리다; (옷을) 늘리다

to release; to spread; to enlarge

School lets out at 3:30.

LV.2 활용

let alone

ALONE

~은 말할 것도 없이

not to mention

He can't jog, let alone run a marathon.

LV.3 원어민

let slip

SLIP

입에서 실수로 흘리다

to reveal accidentally

She let slip about the surprise party.

LV.3 원어민

listen in

IN

몰래 엿듣다, 도청하다

to listen secretly

Someone was listening in on the call.

LV.3 원어민

live through

THROUGH

~을 몸소 견뎌내다

to survive a period or event

They lived through the war.

LV.3 원어민

look into

INTO

~을 조사하다

to investigate

I'll look into the issue today.

LV.2 활용

look back (on)

BACK (ON)

회상하다, 돌아보다

to think about the past

Looking back, it was a great year.

LV.2 활용

look the other way

THE OTHER WAY

모른 척 넘어가다

to deliberately ignore something wrong

The manager looked the other way.

LV.3 원어민

make up

UP

지어내다; 화해하다; (시험을) 보충하다; (화장을) 하다

to invent; to reconcile; to compensate

He made up an excuse about traffic.

LV.1 필수

make up for

UP FOR

보상하다, 만회하다

to compensate for something bad

I'll make up for being late.

LV.2 활용

make over

OVER

완전히 바꾸다; (옷·집을) 리뉴얼하다

to transform completely

The show made over her whole apartment.

LV.3 원어민

pass up

UP

(기회를) 놓치다, 거절하다

to refuse an opportunity

Don't pass up this chance.

LV.3 원어민

play along

ALONG

일단 맞춰주다, 분위기 따르다

to pretend to agree for the moment

I played along with the joke.

LV.3 원어민

pull off

OFF

(어려운 일을) 해내다

to succeed at something difficult

She pulled off the presentation brilliantly.

LV.2 활용

push through

THROUGH

밀어붙여 통과시키다

to force approval of something

They pushed the law through Parliament.

LV.3 원어민

push back

BACK

일정을 미루다; 반발하다

to delay; to resist

They pushed back the launch to May.

LV.2 활용

put forward

FORWARD

(의견·후보를) 내세우다

to propose an idea or name

She put forward a bold proposal.

LV.3 원어민

put two and two together

TWO AND TWO TOGETHER

상황을 종합해 추리하다

to infer from available facts

I put two and two together and guessed the surprise.

LV.3 원어민

roll with it

WITH IT

상황에 유연하게 맞추다

to adapt without complaint

Plans changed — just roll with it.

LV.3 원어민

rule out

OUT

가능성을 배제하다

to exclude as an option

Don't rule out studying abroad.

LV.3 원어민

see through

THROUGH

~을 끝까지 해내다; ~의 본질을 간파하다

to complete; to detect the truth

I'll see the project through.

LV.3 원어민

send up

UP

(풍자로) 패러디하다

to mock by imitation

The show sends up celebrity culture.

LV.3 원어민

set aside

ASIDE

따로 저축하다; 무시하다

to reserve; to dismiss

Set aside cash for emergencies.

LV.3 원어민

settle for

FOR

(만족스럽진 않지만) 그걸로 타협하다

to accept less than ideal

I won't settle for average.

LV.3 원어민

slip out

OUT

실수로 입 밖에 나오다; 조용히 나가다

to escape the mouth; to leave quietly

The secret slipped out during dinner.

LV.3 원어민

slip away

AWAY

조용히 자리를 뜨다; (시간이) 흘러가다

to leave quietly; to pass

She slipped away before goodbyes.

LV.3 원어민

sort out

OUT

정리하다; 해결하다; 분류하다

to organize or fix

I need to sort out my schedule.

LV.2 활용

speak out (against)

OUT (AGAINST)

공개적으로 항의하다

to criticize publicly

Workers spoke out against the cuts.

LV.3 원어민

stand for

FOR

~을 의미하다; ~을 견디다; ~을 지지하다

to represent; to tolerate; to support

What does 'LOL' stand for?

LV.2 활용

stand out

OUT

돋보이다, 눈에 띄다

to be easily noticed

Her red coat stands out in the snow.

LV.2 활용

stand up for

UP FOR

~을 위해 (정당하게) 나서다

to defend someone or something

Stand up for yourself at work.

LV.2 활용

stick with

WITH

계속 고수하다; ~와 함께 있다

to continue using; to stay loyal

Stick with the plan for a month.

LV.2 활용

stick to

TO

~을 (계획·약속을) 지키다

to keep to a rule or plan

Stick to the schedule.

LV.1 필수

take over

OVER

인수하다; 인계받다; (무언가가) 뒤덮다

to gain control; to replace

A bigger firm took over the startup.

LV.2 활용

take apart

APART

완전히 분해하다; (사람·작품을) 짜잘게 비판하다

to disassemble; to criticize harshly

He took the radio apart to fix it.

LV.3 원어민

take on board

ON BOARD

(의견을) 받아들이다

to accept and consider

We'll take your feedback on board.

LV.3 원어민

take advantage of

ADVANTAGE OF

~을 (기회로) 활용하다; ~을 속여 이용하다

to use an opportunity; to exploit

Take advantage of the free trial.

LV.2 활용

talk into

INTO

~을 설득해 ~하게 만들다

to persuade someone to do something

He talked me into joining the gym.

LV.2 활용

talk out of

OUT OF

~을 설득해 그만두게 하다

to persuade not to do something

I talked him out of quitting.

LV.2 활용

tear down

DOWN

(건물을) 철거하다; (명예를) 깎아내리다

to demolish; to criticize

They're tearing down the old mall.

LV.3 원어민

tell apart

APART

구별하다

to distinguish between similar things

I can't tell the twins apart.

LV.3 원어민

think over

OVER

숙고하다

to consider carefully

Think it over before you sign.

LV.1 필수

think up

UP

생각해 내다

to invent an idea

Who thought up this slogan?

LV.3 원어민

think of

OF

~에 대해 생각하다; (의견을) 내다

to have an opinion; to recall

What do you think of the plan?

LV.1 필수

think about

ABOUT

~에 대해 고민하다

to consider mentally

I'm thinking about changing jobs.

LV.1 필수

think through

THROUGH

철저히 따져 보다

to consider all consequences

Think it through before quitting.

LV.3 원어민

throw out

OUT

버리다; 쫓아내다; (아이디어를) 던지다

to discard; to eject; to suggest

We threw out the broken chair.

LV.2 활용

turn into

INTO

~로 변하다

to change into

The meeting turned into a fight.

LV.1 필수

turn out

OUT

알고 보니 ~이다; (결과가) ~로 되다; (사람들이) 나오다

to prove to be; to result; to attend

It turned out to be a great decision.

LV.2 활용

turn around

AROUND

급반전시키다; (경영을) 살리다

to reverse a bad situation

The new CEO turned the company around.

LV.3 원어민

wake up to

UP TO

~을 (문제로) 자각하다

to become aware of a problem

The industry woke up to the risk.

LV.3 원어민

wash out

OUT

세탁로 빠지다; (일이) 물거품 되다

to fade in the wash; to fail

The stain washed out easily.

LV.3 원어민

wind up

UP

(결국) ~하게 되다; (시계를) 감다; 회의를 마치다

to end up; to close

We wound up staying till midnight.

LV.3 원어민

work out

OUT

해결되다; 운동하다; (계산이) 맞다

to succeed; to exercise; to calculate

Everything will work out fine.

LV.1 필수

work around

AROUND

우회하다, 피해 가다

to find a way around an obstacle

We can work around the bug.

LV.3 원어민

write off

OFF

손절하다; (손실을) 장부에서 지우다; (차를) 폐차 수준으로 박다

to dismiss; to cancel a debt

Don't write off the rookie yet.

LV.3 원어민

dip into

INTO

(저축·시간을) 잠깐 꺼내 쓰다

to spend part of savings

I had to dip into savings for rent.

LV.3 원어민

bounce off

OFF

(아이디어를) 부딪쳐 보다

to share ideas for reaction

Let's bounce ideas off each other.

LV.3 원어민

branch out

OUT

사업·활동 분야를 넓히다

to expand into new areas

The café is branching out into catering.

LV.3 원어민

fess up

UP

솔직히 실토하다

to admit something

Fess up — who ate my pudding?

LV.3 원어민

own up (to)

UP (TO)

(잘못을) 인정하다

to admit responsibility

Own up to your mistakes.

LV.3 원어민

shore up

UP

보강하다, 지지대를 대다

to support or strengthen

The bank shored up its reserves.

LV.3 원어민

skirt around

AROUND

(민감한 문제를) 피해 다니다

to avoid a topic

Stop skirting around the salary question.

LV.3 원어민

size up

UP

~을 (훑어) 평가하다

to assess someone or something

The interviewer sized me up quickly.

LV.3 원어민

gloss over

OVER

(문제를) 대충 덮고 지나가다

to avoid discussing details

Don't gloss over the risks.

LV.3 원어민

hammer out

OUT

(디테일을) 몰아서 타결하다

to reach agreement after effort

We hammered out the deal terms.

LV.3 원어민

phase out

OUT

단계적으로 폐지하다

to discontinue gradually

Plastic bags are being phased out.

LV.3 원어민

square up (to)

UP (TO)

(문제·상대에) 정면으로 맞서다; 정산하다

to confront; to pay

Square up to the challenge.

LV.3 원어민

bear out

OUT

(사실·결과가) 뒷받침하다

to confirm with evidence

The data bears out the theory.

LV.3 원어민

launch into

INTO

(말·행동을) 갑자기 시작하다

to begin suddenly with energy

He launched into a speech about discipline.

LV.3 원어민

swear by

BY

~을 신뢰하다, ~만을 고집하다

to strongly recommend from experience

I swear by cold showers.

LV.3 원어민

slip in

IN

슬그머니 끼워 넣다

to insert quietly or subtly

She slipped in a joke during the pitch.

LV.3 원어민

start over

OVER

처음부터 다시 하다

to begin again from the start

Let's start over from line one.

LV.1 필수

track down

DOWN

겨우 찾아내다

to find after searching

I finally tracked down the original paper.

LV.2 활용

pry into

INTO

(사생활을) 참견하다

to investigate others' private life

Stop prying into my messages.

LV.3 원어민

come to

TO

의식을 되찾다; 결국 ~에 이르다

to regain consciousness; to amount to

She came to in the hospital.

LV.2 활용

come down to

DOWN TO

결국 ~에 귀결되다

to be reduced to the key point

It comes down to trust.

LV.3 원어민

come clean

CLEAN

(숨긴 것을) 솔직히 털어놓다

to tell the truth about something

He came clean about the accident.

LV.3 원어민

crop up

UP

(문제·기회가) 별안간 생기다

to appear unexpectedly

Issues keep cropping up.

LV.3 원어민

fall into

INTO

~에 (자연스럽게) 빠지다/속하다

to enter a state or category naturally

She fell into a deep sleep.

LV.2 활용

get one's act together

ONE'S ACT TOGETHER

정신 차리고 제대로 준비하다

to organize yourself properly

Get your act together before the exam.

LV.3 원어민

iron out

OUT

(문제·디테일을) 매끈하게 풀다

to remove difficulties or details

Let's iron out the schedule.

LV.3 원어민

keep at

AT

~을 끈질기게 계속하다

to persist with something

Keep at it — you're improving.

LV.3 원어민

let in on

IN ON

(비밀을) 알려주다

to share a secret with someone

Let me in on the plan.

LV.3 원어민

make for

FOR

~에 좋다/기여하다; ~을 향해 가다

to contribute to; to head toward

That makes for a great intro.

LV.3 원어민

make of

OF

~을 (어떻게) 해석하다

to interpret or understand

What do you make of this email?

LV.2 활용

narrow down

DOWN

후보를 좁히다

to reduce the number of options

Narrow down your topic to one page.

LV.2 활용

play down

DOWN

(문제를) 축소해서 말하다

to make something seem less important

They played down the delay.

LV.3 원어민

rub off on

OFF ON

(영향이) 옮아 붙다

to pass on a quality through contact

Her patience rubs off on the team.

LV.3 원어민

spring up

UP

갑자기 우후죽순 생기다

to appear or grow quickly

Cafés are springing up everywhere.

LV.3 원어민

step up

UP

한 단계 올리다; 주도권을 잡다

to increase; to take initiative

We need to step up our game.

LV.2 활용

stir up

UP

(소문·감정을) 조장하다

to cause trouble or excitement

Don't stir up drama.

LV.3 원어민

thrash out

OUT

두들겨 패며 합의점을 찾다

to discuss intensely to resolve

We thrashed out the budget all night.

LV.3 원어민

tie in with

IN WITH

~과 부합하다, 연결되다

to match or connect with

His account ties in with hers.

LV.3 원어민

turn out (to be)

OUT (TO BE)

(알고 보니) ~로 판명되다

to prove to be in the end

The rumor turned out to be true.

LV.2 활용

bear in mind

IN MIND

명심하다

to remember and consider

Bear in mind that deadlines shift.

LV.2 활용

set about

ABOUT

(일에) 착수하다

to begin a task

She set about cleaning immediately.

LV.3 원어민

allow for

FOR

~을 고려에 넣다

to consider when planning

Allow for delays when you plan the trip.

LV.3 원어민

bank on

ON

~을 철저히 기대하다

to depend on confidently

Don't bank on the weather staying nice.

LV.3 원어민

boil down to

DOWN TO

결국 ~에 요약되다

to have as the main point

It boils down to trust.

LV.3 원어민

come forward

FORWARD

(정보를 위해) 나서다

to offer help or information publicly

No one has come forward with clues.

LV.3 원어민

come from

FROM

~출신이다; ~에서 유래하다

to originate from

She comes from a family of chefs.

LV.1 필수

come up against

UP AGAINST

(장벽·반대에) 부딪히다

to face an obstacle or opposition

We came up against strong resistance.

LV.3 원어민

cook up

UP

(꾸며낸 계획·이야기를) 짜내다

to invent a story or plan

What excuse did you cook up this time?

LV.3 원어민

cry out for

OUT FOR

~이 절실히 필요하다

to urgently need something

The industry is crying out for talent.

LV.3 원어민

date back to

BACK TO

~까지 거슬러 올라가다

to have existed since a time

This temple dates back to 1392.

LV.3 원어민

dawn on

ON

(사실이) 번뜩 깨닫게 되다

to become suddenly clear to someone

It dawned on me that I'd forgotten her birthday.

LV.3 원어민

die away

AWAY

(소리·바람이) 점점 잦아들다

to fade gradually

The music died away at midnight.

LV.3 원어민

dig up

UP

파헤쳐서 찾아내다

to uncover information or things

Reporters dug up his old tweets.

LV.2 활용

drive at

AT

~하려는 뜻이다

to intend to say

What are you driving at?

LV.3 원어민

dwell on

ON

오래 붙들고 되새기다

to think about something too long

Don't dwell on past mistakes.

LV.3 원어민

eat away at

AWAY AT

갉아먹다 (점진적으로)

to erode gradually

Fees eat away at your returns.

LV.3 원어민

embark on

ON

(큰일에) 착수하다, 떠나다

to start a major project or journey

She embarked on a new career.

LV.3 원어민

fall in with

IN WITH

~와 어울리다; (계획에) 동조하다

to start associating with; to agree with

He fell in with the wrong crowd.

LV.3 원어민

fend off

OFF

막아내다, 물리치다

to defend against

Vitamin C helps fend off colds.

LV.3 원어민

forge ahead

AHEAD

단호하게 나아가다

to move forward with determination

We're forging ahead with the plan.

LV.3 원어민

get across

ACROSS

(의견을) 전달해 이해시키다

to make an idea understood

I couldn't get my point across.

LV.2 활용

go after

AFTER

추구하다, 노리다

to pursue

Go after the job you actually want.

LV.1 필수

go back on

BACK ON

(약속·말을) 깨다

to fail to keep a promise

He never goes back on his word.

LV.3 원어민

go by

BY

(시간이) 흐르다; ~에 따르다

to pass; to follow or be guided by

The years went by so fast.

LV.2 활용

grow out of

OUT OF

자라며 벗어나다; (일이) ~에서 생기다

to outgrow; to result from

Kids grow out of these phases.

LV.3 원어민

head off

OFF

(문제를) 미리 차단하다; 돌려세우다

to prevent in advance; to turn away

We headed off the crisis with early talks.

LV.3 원어민

hit on

ON

번뜩 생각나다; ~에게 추파 던지다

to think of suddenly; to flirt with

I hit on a great solution in the shower.

LV.3 원어민

hush up

UP

(사건을) 덮다, 입 막다

to keep something secret

They tried to hush up the scandal.

LV.3 원어민

keep to

TO

(약속·경로를) 지키다

to stay within limits

Keep to the schedule and we'll be fine.

LV.2 활용

latch onto

ONTO

붙잡다; 곧바로 이해하다

to attach to; to grasp quickly

The media latched onto the story.

LV.3 원어민

let on

ON

새지 않다, 티 내지 않다

to reveal a secret

Don't let on about the surprise.

LV.3 원어민

look ahead

AHEAD

앞날을 내다보다

to think about the future

Look ahead, not behind.

LV.2 활용

nail down

DOWN

확정하다, 못 박다

to settle or fix firmly

Let's nail down the date tonight.

LV.3 원어민

nose around

AROUND

뒤져보다, 기웃거리다

to search secretly or nosily

Someone was nosing around my desk.

LV.3 원어민

pick up on

UP ON

알아차리다; (화제를) 다시 꺼내다

to notice; to return to a topic

She picked up on my mood instantly.

LV.3 원어민

piece together

TOGETHER

조각조각 모아 완성하다

to assemble from fragments

Detectives pieced together the timeline.

LV.3 원어민

plug away (at)

AWAY (AT)

꾸준히 밀고 나가다

to work persistently

Keep plugging away at the deck.

LV.3 원어민

press on

ON

계속 밀고 나가다

to continue despite difficulty

Press on — we're almost done.

LV.3 원어민

pull apart

APART

산산조각 내다; 비판하다

to break apart; to criticize severely

The reviewers pulled the film apart.

LV.3 원어민

puzzle out

OUT

고민 끝에 풀어내다

to solve by thinking hard

We puzzled out the meaning together.

LV.3 원어민

put down to

DOWN TO

~탓으로 돌리다

to attribute something to a cause

I put the delay down to traffic.

LV.3 원어민

come on

ON

(제안에) 자, 어서; (불이) 켜지다; (비가) 내리기 시작하다

an encouragement; to start operating; to begin

Come on, you can do better than that!

LV.1 필수

count out

OUT

제외하다 (가망 없음)

to exclude someone or something

Don't count him out yet — he trains hard.

LV.3 원어민

cover up

UP

(흔적·진실을) 덮다, 은폐하다

to hide the truth about something

They covered up the defect for years.

LV.3 원어민

creep up on

UP ON

몰래 슬며시 다가가다

to approach quietly and unnoticed

The cat crept up on the bird.

LV.3 원어민

ease into

INTO

천천히 부드럽게 시작하다

to start gradually and gently

Ease into exercise after the injury.

LV.3 원어민

face up to

UP TO

(피하기 어려운 것을) 직시하다

to accept something difficult honestly

Face up to your spending habits.

LV.3 원어민

fall into place

INTO PLACE

조각이 맞아 자리를 잡다

to become organized and clear

Once I found the pattern, everything fell into place.

LV.3 원어민

firm up

UP

확정하다, 다지다

to make more definite

Firm up the schedule by Friday.

LV.3 원어민

fish for

FOR

(칭찬·정보를) 낚으려 하다

to try to get something indirectly

Stop fishing for compliments.

LV.3 원어민

float around

AROUND

떠돌다, 퍼져 다니다

to circulate without a clear source

That rumor has been floating around for months.

LV.2 활용

flock to

TO

우르르 몰려들다

to gather somewhere in large numbers

Tourists flock to Jeju in spring.

LV.3 원어민

flood in

IN

쏟아져 들어오다

to arrive in huge numbers

Applications flooded in after the post.

LV.3 원어민

level off

OFF

(상승세가) 평탄해지다

to stop rising and become steady

Growth leveled off in Q3.

LV.3 원어민

meet with

WITH

~와 회담하다; (반응을) 얻다

to have a meeting; to receive a reaction

The CEO met with investors today.

LV.3 원어민

mull over

OVER

곰곰이 생각하다

to think about at length

I'm still mulling over the offer.

LV.3 원어민

pass down

DOWN

(아래 세대에) 물려주다

to hand to the next generation

These recipes pass down from my grandmother.

LV.3 원어민

play out

OUT

(사건이) 전개되다

to develop or unfold

Let's watch how the situation plays out.

LV.3 원어민

rise up

UP

(억압에 맞서) 봉기하다

to rebel against authority

Citizens rose up against the curfew.

LV.3 원어민

reflect on

ON

심사숙고하다, 되돌아보다

to think deeply about

Reflect on what went well this week.

LV.3 원어민

rise above

ABOVE

~을 초월하다, 넘어서다

to be better than something

Rise above the gossip.

LV.3 원어민

run for

FOR

(선거에) 출마하다

to be a candidate in an election

She's running for class president.

LV.3 원어민

run up against

UP AGAINST

예상 밖의 장애에 부딪히다

to encounter an obstacle

We ran up against strict regulations.

LV.3 원어민

seize on

ON

(기회·실수를) 놓치지 않고 잡다

to grab eagerly

The media seized on the comment.

LV.3 원어민

settle on

ON

최종 결정하다

to decide after thinking

We settled on the blue design.

LV.2 활용

shoot down

DOWN

(아이디어를) 사격하듯 깎아내리다

to reject ideas immediately

My boss shot down every suggestion.

LV.3 원어민

sink in

IN

(사실이) 제대로 실감나다

to be fully understood or felt

The news took a minute to sink in.

LV.3 원어민

sketch out

OUT

개요를 대충 짜다

to outline roughly

Sketch out the plot before writing.

LV.3 원어민

sleep on

ON

하룻밤 자고 나서 결정하다

to delay a decision until tomorrow

Let me sleep on your offer.

LV.2 활용

sniff out

OUT

후각·직감으로 찾아내다

to discover by instinct or searching

Journalists sniffed out the scandal.

LV.3 원어민

spell out

OUT

낱낱이 명확히 설명하다

to explain clearly and in detail

Spell out the rules for new members.

LV.3 원어민

spice up

UP

활력을 불어넣다

to make more exciting

Spice up your résumé with numbers.

LV.3 원어민

stand up to

UP TO

(강자·시험에) 맞서다, 견디다

to resist; to endure testing

Stand up to the bully.

LV.3 원어민

start out

OUT

출발하다; 처음엔 ~였다

to begin a journey or career

She started out as an intern.

LV.2 활용

step back

BACK

한 걸음 물러나 바라보다

to pause and consider objectively

Step back and look at the big picture.

LV.2 활용

stick by

BY

곁을 지키다; (결정을) 고수하다

to stay loyal; to keep to a decision

She stuck by me through everything.

LV.2 활용

sum up

UP

요약하다; 총평하다

to summarize

To sum up, we need more data.

LV.2 활용

tap into

INTO

(자원·시장을) 활용하다

to make use of a resource

Tap into your alumni network.

LV.3 원어민

tear apart

APART

산산조각 내다; (사람·작품을) 통렬히 비판하다

to destroy; to criticize harshly

The critics tore the sequel apart.

LV.3 원어민

tone down

DOWN

(말·색·분위기를) 부드럽게 하다

to make less intense

Tone down the slang in the report.

LV.3 원어민

touch up

UP

조금 손보다, 보완하다

to improve small details

Touch up the photos before posting.

LV.3 원어민

water down

DOWN

(주장·콘텐츠를) 희석하다

to make weaker or less strong

They watered down the statement.

LV.3 원어민

weed out

OUT

잡초 뽑듯 골라내다

to remove unwanted items or people

Weed out the duplicates first.

LV.3 원어민

weigh up

UP

저울질해 판단하다

to consider pros and cons

Weigh up the offers side by side.

LV.3 원어민

whittle down

DOWN

조금씩 줄여나가다

to reduce gradually

Whittle the list down to ten.

LV.3 원어민

wise up (to)

UP (TO)

(속임수를) 정신 차리고 눈치채다

to become aware of the truth

Wise up — that deal is a trap.

LV.3 원어민

work through

THROUGH

(감정·문제를) 하나씩 다루며 나아지다

to deal with step by step

We worked through the disagreements calmly.

LV.3 원어민

zero in on

IN ON

표적을 정확히 겨누다

to focus precisely on a target

Zero in on the real bottleneck.

LV.3 원어민

add in

IN

끼워 넣다, 더하다

to include something extra

Add in the shipping cost too.

LV.2 활용

answer for

FOR

~에 책임지다; ~을 대변하다

to be responsible for; to speak for

You'll answer for this mistake.

LV.3 원어민

beat out

OUT

(경쟁자를) 꺾다, 이기다

to defeat a competitor

We beat out five other agencies.

LV.3 원어민

blurt out

OUT

생각 없이 화들짝 내뱉다

to say suddenly without thinking

He blurted out the secret at dinner.

LV.3 원어민

bog down

DOWN

늪에 빠지게 하다 (진행이 더디다)

to become stuck in detail or delay

Don't get bogged down in details.

LV.3 원어민

branch off

OFF

갈라지다, 분기하다

to divide into a separate road or topic

Take the path that branches off to the left.

LV.3 원어민

brush aside

ASIDE

쓱 쳐내다 (무시하다)

to dismiss quickly

She brushed aside the criticism.

LV.3 원어민

cancel out

OUT

서로 상쇄하다

to neutralize each other

The gains and losses cancel each other out.

LV.3 원어민

cast aside

ASIDE

내팽개치다

to throw away without care

Don't cast aside years of work.

LV.3 원어민

cast off

OFF

(밧줄을) 풀다; (낡은 것을) 버리다

to untie a boat; to discard

We cast off at sunrise.

LV.3 원어민

cater to

TO

~에 맞춰주다

to serve the needs of a group

The café caters to remote workers.

LV.3 원어민

come in handy

IN HANDY

나중에 유용하게 쓰이다

to prove useful

This app will come in handy in Korea.

LV.2 활용

come out with

OUT WITH

(말·제품을) 내놓다, 내뱉다

to say unexpectedly; to release

He came out with a wild suggestion.

LV.3 원어민

count against

AGAINST

~에 불리하게 작용하다

to be a disadvantage to someone

His lack of degree counted against him.

LV.3 원어민

drum into

INTO

(두뇌에) 못 박듯 주입하다

to teach by constant repetition

Dad drummed punctuality into us.

LV.3 원어민

dry up

UP

말라붙다; (말·아이디어가) 뚝 끊기다

to dry completely; to stop suddenly

The river dried up last summer.

LV.2 활용

face off

OFF

(경기·논쟁에서) 맞붙다

to compete or argue directly

The two teams face off tonight.

LV.3 원어민

flush out

OUT

(숨은 것을) 쫓아내 드러나게 하다

to force something hidden into the open

The audit flushed out hidden costs.

LV.3 원어민

frown on

ON

못마땅하게 여기다

to disapprove of something

The company frowns on remote work.

LV.3 원어민

get about

ABOUT

(소문이) 퍼지다; 돌아다니다

to spread; to move around (BrE)

News gets about fast in this office.

LV.3 원어민

go at

AT

(일·상대에) 돌진하다, 열심히 달라붙다

to attack; to work hard at

They went at each other in the debate.

LV.3 원어민

go beyond

BEYOND

~을 넘어서다

to exceed something

This goes beyond a simple apology.

LV.2 활용

go around

AROUND

돌아다니다; (병·소문이) 퍼지다

to circulate; to spread

A stomach bug is going around the office.

LV.2 활용

hammer away at

AWAY AT

집요하게 두들기다 (문제·작업)

to keep working at something persistently

She hammered away at the bug all night.

LV.3 원어민

hand on

ON

(다음 사람에게) 건네주다, 전하다

to pass something to the next person

Hand on the clipboard when you're done.

LV.2 활용

keep from

FROM

~하지 못하게 막다; ~을 참다

to prevent; to restrain

Nothing kept me from finishing.

LV.2 활용

kick around

AROUND

(아이디어를) 던져 논의하다; 떠돌다

to discuss casually; to wander without purpose

Let's kick some ideas around first.

LV.3 원어민

kill off

OFF

전멸시키다; 서서히 없애다

to destroy completely or gradually

The pesticide killed off the bees.

LV.3 원어민

leak out

OUT

(정보가) 새어 나가다

to become known secretly

The specs leaked out before the launch.

LV.2 활용

lie ahead

AHEAD

(미래가) 앞에 놓여 있다

to be going to happen in the future

Big challenges lie ahead of us.

LV.3 원어민

lump together

TOGETHER

한데 묶다

to treat different things as one group

Don't lump all startups together.

LV.3 원어민

make good on

GOOD ON

(약속·협박을) 실제로 이행하다

to fulfill a promise

He made good on his refund promise.

LV.3 원어민

map out

OUT

(계획을) 치밀하게 짜다

to plan in detail

Map out your week every Sunday.

LV.2 활용

meddle in

IN

남의 일에 참견하다

to interfere in others' affairs

Stop meddling in their relationship.

LV.3 원어민

point to

TO

~을 가리키다; ~을 시사하다

to indicate; to suggest as evidence

All signs point to a delay.

LV.2 활용

pop up

UP

갑자기 나타나다

to appear suddenly

An error message popped up.

LV.1 필수

puzzle over

OVER

수수께끼처럼 고민하다

to think hard about something confusing

I puzzled over the riddle all night.

LV.3 원어민

read into

INTO

(없는 뜻을) 읽어내다

to find meanings that aren't there

You're reading too much into her text.

LV.3 원어민

rest on

ON

~에 기대다/의지하다

to depend on; to lean on

The case rests on one witness.

LV.3 원어민

rough out

OUT

러프하게 초안 짜다

to make a rough plan or sketch

Rough out the design before coding.

LV.3 원어민

sit on

ON

(결정·정보를) 묵혀두다

to delay action on something

They've been sitting on my application for weeks.

LV.3 원어민

snuff out

OUT

(불·희망을) 꺼버리다

to extinguish completely

She snuffed out the candle.

LV.3 원어민

spring from

FROM

~에서 비롯되다

to originate from

Her confidence springs from experience.

LV.3 원어민

stamp out

OUT

(나쁜 것을) 근절하다

to end something bad completely

The campaign stamped out smoking in parks.

LV.3 원어민

stem from

FROM

~에서 비롯되다

to develop from a cause

His shyness stems from childhood.

LV.3 원어민

stop short of

SHORT OF

~하기 직전에서 멈추다

to come close to but not actually do something

He stopped short of calling it a lie.

LV.3 원어민

strip down

DOWN

완전히 분해하다; 단순화하다

to remove parts; to simplify

Strip down the engine for inspection.

LV.3 원어민

summon up

UP

(용기·기억을) 짜내 모으다

to gather effort or courage

I summoned up the courage to ask.

LV.3 원어민

swear in

IN

취임 선서를 시키다

to give an official oath

The judge was sworn in on Monday.

LV.3 원어민

toss around

AROUND

(아이디어를) 주고받으며 논의하다

to discuss casually

Let's toss some names around.

LV.2 활용

veer off

OFF

(길·주제에서) 벗어나다

to change direction suddenly

The car veered off the road.

LV.3 원어민

become of

OF

~이 어떻게 되다

to happen to someone or something

What became of the old plan?

LV.3 원어민

blend in

IN

눈에 띄지 않게 섞이다, 어울리다

to mix so you are not noticed

Try to blend in at the new school.

LV.2 활용

break away (from)

AWAY (FROM)

(억압·과거에서) 벗어나 독립하다

to escape; to separate from

He broke away from his old habits.

LV.2 활용

build on

ON

~을 기반으로 발전시키다

to develop from a base

Build on what already works.

LV.2 활용

come about

ABOUT

(일이) 발생하다

to happen

How did this mess come about?

LV.3 원어민

come into

INTO

(재산을) 상속받다; (유행이) 되다

to inherit; to become fashionable

She came into a fortune at 25.

LV.3 원어민

come under

UNDER

(비판·검토를) 받다

to be subjected to criticism or review

The policy came under fire.

LV.3 원어민

conjure up

UP

마법처럼 떠올리다/불러내다

to make something appear as if by magic

The song conjures up my childhood.

LV.3 원어민

cross over

OVER

(경계·장르를) 넘다

to move to the other side; to span genres

She crossed over from pop to jazz.

LV.3 원어민

crowd out

OUT

(자리·시간을) 밀어내다

to take up all the space or time

Meetings crowded out deep work.

LV.3 원어민

cut across

ACROSS

~을 가로지르다; (구분을) 넘다

to take a shortcut; to span divisions

Cut across the park to save time.

LV.3 원어민

cut through

THROUGH

(복잡한 것을) 관통해 간파하다

to get through confusion quickly

Cut through the noise and focus.

LV.3 원어민

deck out

OUT

화려하게 치장하다

to decorate elaborately

The hall was decked out in fairy lights.

LV.3 원어민

delve into

INTO

깊이 파고들다

to research deeply

Let's delve into the user data.

LV.3 원어민

dive into

INTO

(일·자료에) 과감히 뛰어들다

to start eagerly and deeply

Dive into the docs before coding.

LV.2 활용

double as

AS

~의 역할도 겸하다

to serve a second purpose or role

The kitchen doubles as a home office.

LV.3 원어민

dredge up

UP

(기억·과거를) 건져올리다

to uncover long-buried things

Don't dredge up old fights.

LV.3 원어민

drive home

HOME

(요점을) 확실히 각인시키다

to make a point unmistakably clear

Let me drive the point home with a story.

LV.3 원어민

edge out

OUT

아슬아슬한 차로 밀어내다

to defeat narrowly

She edged out the favorite by 0.1 seconds.

LV.3 원어민

expand on

ON

(주제를) 더 자세히 펼치다

to say more about something

Can you expand on that point?

LV.3 원어민

explain away

AWAY

핑계로 얼버무리다

to excuse with explanations

You can't explain away the numbers.

LV.3 원어민

feed on

ON

~을 먹고 자라다/살아가다

to be nourished by; to grow stronger from

Rumors feed on silence.

LV.3 원어민

fizzle out

OUT

시시하게 꺼져 가다

to end weakly

The hype fizzled out in a month.

LV.3 원어민

fly by

BY

(시간이) 훅 지나가다

to pass very quickly

The weekend flew by again.

LV.1 필수

get to

TO

~할 기회/특권가 있다

to have the chance or privilege to

I get to work from home on Fridays.

LV.2 활용

give way

WAY

(버티던 것이) 무너지다; 길을 양보하다

to collapse; to yield

The old bridge gave way under the truck.

LV.3 원어민

hear out

OUT

말이 끝날 때까지 들어주다

to listen until someone finishes

Hear me out before you say no.

LV.2 활용

hunker down

DOWN

웅크려 앉아 본격적으로 버티다

to settle in and work or wait seriously

Hunker down and finish the report.

LV.3 원어민

jump out

OUT

(자료에서) 확 튀어나와 보이다

to be immediately noticeable

Two typos jumped out at me.

LV.2 활용

jump the gun

THE GUN

성급하게 먼저 나가다

to start before the right time

Don't jump the gun — wait for the announcement.

LV.3 원어민

leave off

OFF

하던 데서 그만두다; 목록에서 빼다

to stop at a point; to omit from a list

Let's pick up where we left off.

LV.3 원어민

lie with

WITH

(책임·선택이) ~에게 있다

to be the responsibility of

The final call lies with the CEO.

LV.3 원어민

lose track of

TRACK OF

(시간·상황을) 놓치다, 파악 못 하다

to stop being aware of

I lost track of time while gaming.

LV.2 활용

match up

UP

들어맞다, 일치하다

to be the same as something else

The receipts don't match up.

LV.2 활용

muddle through

THROUGH

얼렁뚱땅 해치우다

to manage despite confusion

We'll muddle through without a manual.

LV.3 원어민

occur to

TO

(생각이) 갑자기 떠오르다

to come into someone's mind

It never occurred to me to ask.

LV.3 원어민

paper over

OVER

(문제를) 겉으로만 덮다

to hide a problem without solving it

They papered over the disagreement.

LV.3 원어민

plan ahead

AHEAD

미리 계획하다

to think about future needs now

Plan ahead for busy seasons.

LV.1 필수

plan on

ON

~할 계획이다

to intend to do something

What do you plan on doing this weekend?

LV.1 필수

pose as

AS

~인 척하다

to pretend to be someone

He posed as a recruiter to steal data.

LV.3 원어민

resort to

TO

마지막 수단으로 의지하다

to use as a last option

Don't resort to cheap tricks.

LV.3 원어민

result in

IN

~을 초래하다

to cause a particular result

The delay resulted in a lost client.

LV.2 활용

shed light on

LIGHT ON

~을 (빛처럼) 밝히다

to make something clearer

The report sheds light on the delay.

LV.3 원어민

shoot for

FOR

도전해 보다, 노리다

to aim for an ambitious goal

Shoot for 10 customers this month.

LV.2 활용

shy away from

AWAY FROM

(어려운 일을) 꺼리다

to avoid doing something because of fear

Don't shy away from hard problems.

LV.3 원어민

spill over

OVER

(넘쳐서) 밖으로 번지다

to spread beyond the limits

The protest spilled over into nearby streets.

LV.3 원어민

spy on

ON

몰래 지켜보다, 감시하다

to watch secretly

Someone was spying on our network.

LV.2 활용

thin out

OUT

솎아내다, 점점 줄다

to make or become less dense

Traffic thins out after 8 p.m.

LV.3 원어민

toy with

WITH

(생각·음식을) 갖고 놀다

to consider casually; to play with food

I'm toying with the idea of moving.

LV.3 원어민

trot out

OUT

(낡은 논거를) 재탕하다

to present an old idea as if new

They trotted out the same excuses.

LV.3 원어민